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1.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 145(7): 888-895, jul. 2017. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-902562

ABSTRACT

Background: Knowing nurses' workload in hemodialysis units allows a better organization of human resources. Aim: To determine nurses' workload according to dependence and risk profiles of patients undergoing chronic hemodialysis. Material and Methods: One hundred fifty one patients from five hemodialysis units were selected and categorized in terms of dependence and risk using the instrument "Care according to dependence and risk in hemodialysis (CUDYR-DIAL). Nurses' activities for direct and indirect care and the time taken to complete those activities were measured. Results: Per patient, nurses used 36.5 ±10.7 min for direct and 23.6 min for indirect care. The time required for direct care of patients at high risk with partial dependence and at high risk and partial self-sufficiency was 41.2 and 40.3 minutes respectively. Conclusions: During a dialysis session, nurses occupy 60% of their time providing direct care, mainly directed to patients categorized as being of high risk-partial dependence and high risk-partial self-sufficiency.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Renal Dialysis/statistics & numerical data , Workload/statistics & numerical data , Patient Safety/standards , Nurses/statistics & numerical data , Brazil , Cross-Sectional Studies , Renal Dialysis/standards , Workload/standards , Risk Assessment , Nurses/standards , Nursing Care/standards , Nursing Care/statistics & numerical data
2.
Acta paul. enferm ; 25(1): 140-145, 2012. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, BDENF | ID: lil-617994

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Validar al español la "Escala de Auto percepción de Carga" de Cousineau (2003) en su versión larga. MÉTODOS: La muestra estuvo formada por 161 pacientes sometidos a HDC. La escala se tradujo al español, se realizó una aplicación piloto en 10 pacientes y a continuación se elaboró el instrumento final que fue sometido al proceso de validación. RESULTADOS: La confiabilidad de la escala se mantuvo estable al ir eliminando cada uno de los ítems, fluctuando el Alpha de Cronbach entre 0.903 y 0.915. Por lo anterior, se decide mantener los 25 ítems originales en la versión en español. CONCLUSIÓN: La confiabilidad total del instrumento fue de 0.91, muy cercana a la obtenida en la versión original (0.93).


OBJETIVO: Validar, en la lengua española, la versión amplia de la "Escala de Autopercepción de carga de los cuidados" de Cousineau et al. MÉTODOS: La muestra estuvo constituída por 161 pacientes sometidos a hemodiálisis crónica en cinco Centros de Diálisis de la ciudad de Santiago - Chile. Esa Escala fue traducida al español y fue realizado un test piloto con diez pacientes; después de este procedimiento, se elaboró el instrumento final sometido al proceso de validación. RESULTADOS: La confiabilidad de la escala se mantuvo estable, con fluctuación del coeficiente alpha de Cronbach entre 0,903 y 0, 915, decidiéndose así, por mantener los 25 items originales en la versión en español. CONCLUSIÓN: La confiabilidad total del instrumento fue de 0,91, muy próxima de la obtenida en la versión original (0,93).


OBJECTIVE: To validate the Spanish language version of the broad "self-perception of burden of care scale" by Cousineau et al. METHODS: The sample consisted of 161 patients undergoing chronic hemodialysis at five dialysis centers in the city of Santiago - Chile. This scale was translated into Spanish and a pilot test was conducted with ten patients; after this procedure, we developed the final instrument to be subjected to the validation process. RESULTS: The reliability of the scale was stable, with fluctuations of the Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.903 and 0.915; we decided therefore to maintain the 25 original items within the Spanish version. CONCLUSION: The overall reliability of the instrument was 0.91, very close to that obtained in the original version (0.93).


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Caregivers , Family , Patients/psychology , Renal Dialysis , Spouses , Translations , Validation Studies as Topic
3.
Rev. panam. salud pública ; 30(1): 74-79, jul. 2011. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-608291

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Determinar síntomas depresivos, apoyo social percibido y autopercepción de carga en pacientes en hemodiálisis crónica (HDC); identificar síntomas depresivos y grado de fatiga en cuidadores de pacientes en HDC, y evaluar -en el paciente- la asociación entre autopercepción de carga y apoyo social percibido, y entre autopercepción de carga y síntomas depresivos, y -en el cuidador- la relación entre el número de años de cuidado y el grado de fatiga alcanzado. MÉTODOS: Se tomó una muestra de 162 díadas paciente-cuidador, a quienes se les aplicaron los instrumentos "escala adaptada de percepción de apoyo social", "escala de autopercepción de carga", "escala de depresión del Centro de Estudios Epidemiológicos" y "escala de severidad de la fatiga". Los instrumentos fueron aplicados a los pacientes por ayudantes de investigación entrenados y, en el caso de los cuidadores, fueron autoaplicados. RESULTADOS: Del total de pacientes, 40 por ciento fueron mujeres, con un promedio de edad de 56 ± 14,9 años, mientras que entre los cuidadores principales, 75 por ciento fueron mujeres, cónyuges, con una edad promedio de 50 ± 16,1 años. Se observó que tanto los pacientes (40,74 por ciento) como los cuidadores principales (43,82 por ciento) presentaban síntomas de depresión. Se encontró una asociación positiva (r = 0,43, P < 0,001) entre la autopercepción de carga y la presencia de síntomas depresivos en los pacientes. CONCLUSIONES: Los cuidadores principales son en su mayoría mujeres y familiares de los pacientes. Se perciben fatigados con el cuidado, al igual que lo perciben los propios pacientes. La presencia de síntomas depresivos es similar en pacientes y cuidadores, y hay una asociación estadísticamente significativa entre autopercepción de carga y presencia de síntomas depresivos en los pacientes.


OBJECTIVE: To determine the depressive symptoms, perceived social support, and self-perceived burden in chronic hemodialysis (CHD) patients; identify depressive symptoms and degree of fatigue in caregivers of CHD patients; evaluate-in patients-the association between self-perceived burden and perceived social support, and between self-perceived burden and depressive symptoms; and evaluate-in caregivers-the relationship between the number of years of care and the degree of fatigue reached. METHODS: A sample of 162 patient-caregiver pairs was selected in which an adapted version of the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, along with the Self-perceived Burden Scale, the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, and the Fatigue Severity Scale were applied. The instruments were administered to patients by trained research assistants and, in the case of the caregivers, were self-administered. RESULTS: Forty percent of the patients were women, with an average age of 56 ± 14.9 years, whereas 75 percent of the primary caregivers were female spouses, with an average age of 50 ± 16.1 years. It was observed that the patients (40.74 percent) as well as the primary caregivers (43.82 percent) had depressive symptoms. A positive association (r = 0.43, P < 0.001) was found between self-perceived burden and the presence of depressive symptoms in patients. CONCLUSIONS: The majority of the primary caregivers were women and relatives of the patients. They perceived themselves as fatigued with care, as did the patients themselves. The presence of depressive symptoms was similar in patients and caregivers. There was a statistically significant association between self-perceived burden and the presence of depressive symptoms in patients.


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Caregivers/psychology , Depression/etiology , Patients/psychology , Renal Dialysis/psychology , Self Concept , Chile/epidemiology , Depression/epidemiology , Fatigue/epidemiology , Fatigue/etiology , Kidney Failure, Chronic/epidemiology , Kidney Failure, Chronic/psychology , Kidney Failure, Chronic/therapy , Self Report , Severity of Illness Index
4.
Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz ; 99(3): 335-339, May 2004. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-362006

ABSTRACT

Deltamethrin and other pyrethroids have been extensively used in Argentina since 1980, for the chemical control of Triatoma infestans Klug (Hemiptera: Reduviidae). Recently, resistance to deltamethrin was detected in field populations by the survival of bugs exposed by topical application to the diagnostic dose estimated on the CIPEIN susceptible strain. Results of the current study showed low resistant ratios (RRs) to deltamethrin for the resistant populations (RR ranged from 2.0 for San Luis colony to 7.9 for Salta colony). Biochemical studies were made on the most resistant colony (Salta) and the susceptible strain (CIPEIN), in order to establish the importance of degradative mechanisms as a cause of the detected resistance. Esterase activity was measured on 3 days old first instars through phenylthioacetate and a-naphtyl acetate activities. The results showed a significant difference in no cholinesterase esterase activity from susceptible (7.6 ± 0,7 æM S./i.min.) and Salta resistant colony (9.5 ± 0.8 æM S./i.min.). Cytochrome P450 mono-oxygenase (P450) activity was measured on individual insects through ethoxycoumarine deethylase (ECOD) activity using a fluorescence micro plate reader. The dependence of ECOD activity on age and body region of the nymphs, and pH and time of incubation were studied in order to optimize the measurement. As a result, comparative studies were performed on abdomens of 2 days old first instars at pH 7.2 and 4 h incubation time. ECOD activity of first nymphs was significantly lower in the susceptible colony (61.3 ± 9.08 pg ECOD/ insect) than in the resistant one (108.1± 5.7 pg ECOD/ insect). These results suggest that degradative esterases (no-cholinesterase) and mono-oxygenases cytochrome P450, play an important role in the resistance to deltamethrin in Salta colony from Argentina.


Subject(s)
Animals , Inactivation, Metabolic , Insecticide Resistance , Insecticides , Triatoma , Argentina , Time Factors , Triatoma
6.
Horiz. enferm ; 4(1): 40-1, 1993.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, BDENF | ID: lil-140867

ABSTRACT

Este artículo pretende presentar una visión general a nivel personal, colectivo y formativo del presente y futuro de enfermería en nuestro país


Subject(s)
Curriculum/trends , Nursing , Schools, Nursing , Spain
8.
GEN ; 43(3): 155-60, jul.-sept. 1989. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-105590

ABSTRACT

Para establecer la utilidad de la punción-biopsia por aspiración con aguja fina (PBAAF), estudiamos 53 pacietnes ocn tumores del hígado, páncreas y otras masa intrabdominables, cuyo diagnóstico fue realizado por clínica y ultrasonido, los cuales fueron sometidos a PBAAF y el resultado del material aspirado fue enviado al patólogo N. H. para citología y estudio histológico. Treinta y tres de los 53 pacientes fueron reportados como Tu. malignos del hígado, 29 verdaderos positivos (VP), 2 falsos negativos (FN) y 2 verdaderos negativos (VN); para una sensibilidad de 93%, especificidad de 100%. Quince casos fueron de páncreas, 11 verdaderos positivos (Adc), 3 verdaderos negativos, y un falso negativo para 91% de sensibilidad y 100% de especificidad. Los 5 restantes correspondieron a otros tumres de la cavidad abdominal; 3 fueron verdaderos positivos y 2 falsos negativos; para una sensibilidad del 60% y especificidad de 100%. Todos los resultados fueron correlacionados con Cirugía, Clínica, u otros procedimientos PCRE, TAC y Laparosocpia. Concluimos que PBAAF tiene una alta sensibilidad y especificidad y debe ser utilizado como una rutina en el estudio de Tu. abdominales. En nuestra serie no hubo falsos positivos


Subject(s)
Adult , Middle Aged , Humans , Male , Female , Abdominal Neoplasms/diagnosis , Adenocarcinoma/diagnosis , Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/diagnosis , Abdominal Neoplasms , Abdominal Neoplasms/pathology , Adenocarcinoma , Adenocarcinoma/pathology , Aged, 80 and over , Biopsy, Needle/methods , Carcinoma, Hepatocellular , Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/pathology , Liver Neoplasms , Liver Neoplasms/diagnosis , Liver Neoplasms/pathology , Pancreatic Neoplasms , Pancreatic Neoplasms/diagnosis , Pancreatic Neoplasms/pathology
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